Environmental security links clean air, safe water, fertile soil, and public health to national survival. Ukrainian law defines it as preventing environmental deterioration and hazards to human health through state, business, and citizen action.
Russia’s full-scale invasion dramatically expanded environmental threats: explosions, fires, mined fields, dam sabotage, and diverse pollution types now endanger ecosystems, food security, and public health.
International law bars warfare methods causing long-term environmental harm; treaties like the Rome Statute allow ICC action for widespread, severe damage. Ukraine’s national probes and Rome Statute ratification strengthen paths to accountability and reparations.
Concrete disasters illustrate the scale: the Kakhovka Dam collapse released oil, chemicals, and waste, spiking heavy metals and marine mortality, with estimated damages in the tens of billions. Repeated attacks threatened nuclear and industrial sites, causing transboundary pollution.
Since 2022, thousands of environmental incidents, massive wildfires, forest losses, and toxic soil “time bombs” have created chronic health and ecological risks. The total environmental bill exceeds tens of billions of euros.
Ukraine has laws and strategies integrating environment into national security, plus monitoring and restoration plans. Gaps remain: wartime damage assessment methods are inadequate, underestimating losses and complicating reconstruction funding and prosecutions.
Closing these gaps requires conflict-sensitive monitoring, standardized damage accounting, international technical aid, and legal strategies linking national evidence to international prosecutions and reparations.
Recent posts:
- Fiber-optic web: How the use of drones on the frontlines impacts the environment
- Environmental security: a key element of Ukraine’s national policy
- Swamps vs tanks: How wetlands defend in wartime
- Ukraine scores decisive victory at World Conservation Congress
- Environmental Consequences of the War in Ukraine—October-November 2025