Israel demonstrates how environmental security can be integrated into national defense and diplomacy. Climate risks are treated as threat multipliers affecting water, food, migration, and regional stability. Israel’s National Adaptation Plan embeds climate risks into defense assessments and allocates major funding to monitoring and sustainable infrastructure.
Advanced environmental monitoring uses satellites, sensors, and mobile technologies to track pollution, fires, and ecological threats in real time. Water security is a strategic pillar: desalination supplies about 85% of drinking water, while wastewater recycling reaches 90%. Environmental diplomacy, including regional tech-sharing platforms, reduces conflict over resources.
Israel’s model shows how climate adaptation, defense planning, and environmental diplomacy can reinforce national resilience during conflict.
Palestine and Lebanon face severe environmental damage from military operations. In Gaza, water contamination, destroyed wastewater plants, and toxic debris threaten public health and food security. In Lebanon, fires, oil spills, asbestos, and white phosphorus contamination have devastated ecosystems and agricultural land.
Legal frameworks exist but remain weakly implemented. Palestinian and Lebanese laws recognize environmental protection as a public safety issue, yet enforcement and institutional capacity are limited. The Middle East case shows that declarative laws are insufficient without monitoring systems, funding, and integration into security policy.
For Ukraine, these lessons highlight the need to embed environmental security into defense, diplomacy, and recovery strategies. Israeli practices in climate-defense assessments, precision agriculture, and monitoring technologies provide scalable models for wartime and post-war resilience.
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